6ENG1.4 The People Who Protect Nature

1.4    The People Who Protect Nature 

A

a healthy life — निरोगी जीवन
 

a tribal farmer — आदिवासी शेतकरी
 

about — बद्दल / विषयी
 

across — सर्वत्र / आरपार
 

active — सक्रिय
 

an active member — सक्रिय सदस्य
 

an expert member — तज्ज्ञ सदस्य

also — तसेच / देखील
 

also depend on forests — जंगलांवरही अवलंबून असतात
 

animals and birds — प्राणी आणि पक्षी
 

at a young age — लहान वयात

B

because — कारण
 

because of —च्या कारणामुळे, मुळे

because of this — यामुळे
 

begun — सुरुवात केली / सुरू झाले

believed — विश्वास ठेवला

building — बांधणे / उभारणे, इमारत.

by living — राहून / वास्तव्य करून

C

called her — तिला म्हणत / संबोधत
 

care for nature — निसर्गाची काळजी घेणे
carefully — काळजीपूर्वक
 

check dams — बंधारे
 

close — जवळ
 

close to the forest — जंगलाच्या जवळ
community development — समुदाय विकास
 

conservation — संवर्धन
 

contribution — योगदान
 

could not — शकले नाही / शकला नाही
 

could not attend school — शाळेत जाऊ शकली नाही
 

could not read — वाचू शकली नाही
 

could not read or write — वाचू किंवा लिहू शकली नाही
 

crops — पिके
 

cultivation — लागवड

D

daily — दररोज / दैनंदिन

daily work — दैनंदिन काम
 

deep — खोल / सखोल
 

deep knowledge — सखोल ज्ञान
 

deep knowledge of trees — झाडांचे सखोल ज्ञान
 

department — विभाग
 

development — विकास
 

did not go — गेली नाही
 

do not — करत नाहीत

E

each species — प्रत्येक प्रजाती
encyclopaedia — ज्ञानकोश / विश्वकोश
especially women — विशेषतः महिला
environmental — पर्यावरणीय
environmental leader — पर्यावरणीय नेता
environmentalists — पर्यावरणवादी
experience — अनुभव
 

extended — विस्तार केला / विस्तारित केले
efforts — प्रयत्न

F

family — कुटुंब
 

farmers — शेतकरी

farming — शेती

fields — शेतात / शेते

food — अन्न
 

food and shelter — अन्न आणि निवारा
 

for fame — प्रसिद्धीसाठी

for farming — शेतीसाठी
 

for her — तिच्यासाठी

for his — त्याच्यासाठी

for money — पैशासाठी
 

for society — समाजासाठी
 

for society and nature — समाज आणि निसर्गासाठी
 

for her great service to nature — निसर्गासाठी केलेल्या महान सेवेसाठी
 

forests — जंगले
 

forests give us fresh air — जंगले आपल्याला ताजी हवा देतात
 

forest department — वन विभाग
 

forest protection — जंगल संरक्षण
 

freely — मुक्तपणे / विनामूल्य
 

fresh air — ताजी हवा

G

give — देणे
 

got — मिळाले
 

Government of India — भारत सरकार
great knowledge — महान / सखोल ज्ञान
great service — महान सेवा
 

groundwater — भूजल
 

groundwater level — भूजल पातळी

H

Halakki — हळक्की
 

Halakki tribal family — हळक्की आदिवासी कुटुंब
 

has — आहे / आहे (क्रियापद)
 

healthy — निरोगी

help — मदत करणे
 

helped — मदत केली
 

he has started — त्याने सुरुवात केली आहे
 

he helped — त्याने मदत केली
 

he helped protect forests — त्याने जंगलांचे संरक्षण करण्यास मदत केली
 

he received — त्याला मिळाला / त्याने प्राप्त केला
 

her — तिचे / तिची / तिला
 

her great knowledge — तिचे महान ज्ञान
her own children — तिची स्वतःची मुले

his — त्याचे / त्याची / त्याचा
 

his efforts — त्याचे प्रयत्न
 

his valuable work — त्याचे मौल्यवान कार्य
honoured — सन्मानित केले

I

identify — ओळखणे

in Karnataka — कर्नाटकमध्ये

increased — वाढले

in her life — तिच्या आयुष्यात

in many areas — अनेक भागांत
 

in the fields — शेतात
 

included — समाविष्ट केले

instead of — ऐवजी
 

inspiring work — प्रेरणादायी कार्य

K

knew — माहिती होते / जाणत होती

L

landraces — स्थानिक पिकांच्या पारंपरिक जाती
learnt — शिकली / शिकला

level — पातळी
 

life — जीवन
 

like a teacher — शिक्षकाप्रमाणे
 

live — जगणे / राहणे

local crops — स्थानिक पिके
 

loved trees — झाडांवर प्रेम केले

M

many — अनेक
 

many farmers — अनेक शेतकरी
 

many things — अनेक गोष्टी
 

many traditional seeds — अनेक पारंपरिक बियाणे
 

many types — अनेक प्रकार
 

many types of trees — अनेक प्रकारची झाडे
many villages — अनेक गावे
 

market seed — बाजारातील बी
 

market seeds — बाजारातील बियाणे
member — सदस्य
 

more — अधिक
more than — पेक्षा जास्त
more than 30,000 saplings — ३०,००० पेक्षा जास्त रोपे
 

more water — अधिक पाणी
 

mother tree — मातृवृक्ष / मूळ झाड
methods — पद्धती

N

names — नावे
 

natural — नैसर्गिक
 

natural methods — नैसर्गिक पद्धती
 

native — स्थानिक / देशी

native seeds — देशी बियाणे
 

native seeds of crops — पिकांची देशी बियाणे

nature — निसर्ग

 

nurseries — रोपवाटिका
 

now — आता
 

now extended — आता विस्तारले

O

of — चा / ची / चे / च्या
 

of each species — प्रत्येक प्रजातीचे
 

of nature — निसर्गाचे / निसर्गाचा

of the forest — जंगलाचा / जंगलातील
 

of the Forest Advisory Committee — वन सल्लागार समितीचा
 

of the forest because of her great knowledge — तिच्या महान ज्ञानामुळे जंगलाचा
only — फक्त
 

organic — सेंद्रिय
 

organic farming — सेंद्रिय शेती
 

or — किंवा
 

our — आपले / आमचे
 

our life — आपले जीवन
 

own — स्वतःचे

P

Padmashri Award — पद्मश्री पुरस्कार
people — लोक
 

people understand — लोक समजून घेतात
plants and herbs — वनस्पती आणि औषधी वनस्पती
 

pioneer — अग्रणी / मार्गदर्शक

picture — चित्र
 

pictures — चित्रे

poor — गरीब
 

promote — प्रोत्साहन देणे
 

protect — संरक्षण करणे
 

protect food — अन्नाचे संरक्षण करणे
protect forests — जंगलांचे संरक्षण करणे
protection — संरक्षण

R

rainwater — पावसाचे पाणी
 

read — वाचा / वाचणे
 

read carefully — काळजीपूर्वक वाचा
received — मिळाला / प्राप्त केला

S

safe homes — सुरक्षित निवासस्थाने
 

saplings — रोपे
 

saved — वाचवले / जतन केले
 

school — शाळा
 

seed banks — बियाणे बँका
 

Seed Mother — बीजमाता

seeds — बियाणे

seeds of crops — पिकांची बियाणे
self-reliant development — स्वावलंबी विकास
 

selflessly — निःस्वार्थपणे
 

service — सेवा
 

shared — वाटले / सामायिक केले
 

she — ती
 

she could identify — ती ओळखू शकत होती
she did not go to school — ती शाळेत गेली नाही
 

she had deep knowledge — तिला सखोल ज्ञान होते
 

she learnt — ती शिकली

she received — तिला मिळाला
, तिने स्वीकारले

she saved — तिने जतन केले
 

she started — तिने सुरुवात केली
 

she worked — तिने काम केले

shelter — निवारा
 

social — सामाजिक

social leader — सामाजिक नेता
 

society — समाज
 

society and nature — समाज आणि निसर्ग
some — काही
 

some people understand — काही लोक समजून घेतात
 

started — सुरुवात केली
 

sustainable agriculture — शाश्वत शेती
sustainable farming — शाश्वत शेती

T

taught her — तिला शिकवले
 

the — तो / ती / ते
 

the forest — जंगल
 

the forest department — वन विभाग

the names — नावे
 

the value — मूल्य / महत्त्व
 

the following — खालील
 

they — ते / त्या
 

they do not work — ते काम करत नाहीत
they work — ते काम करतात
 

this — हा / हे / ही

this lesson tells us — हा धडा आपल्याला सांगतो
 

three such people — अशा तीन व्यक्ती
 

to breathe — श्वास घेणे

to get — मिळवण्यासाठी
 

to get safe homes — सुरक्षित निवास मिळवण्यासाठी
 

to protect — संरक्षण करण्यासाठी
 

to protect it — त्याचे संरक्षण करण्यासाठी
 

to protect seeds — बियाण्यांचे संरक्षण करण्यासाठी
 

to school — शाळेत
 

to store rainwater — पावसाचे पाणी साठवण्यासाठी
 

traditional — पारंपरिक
 

trees — झाडे
 

trees help us — झाडे आपल्याला मदत करतात
 

trees help us to breathe — झाडे आपल्याला श्वास घेण्यास मदत करतात
 

tree Goddess — वृक्षदेवता
 

tribal — आदिवासी
 

tribal communities — आदिवासी समुदाय
tribal development — आदिवासी विकास
tells us — आपल्याला सांगतो

took care — काळजी घेतली

U

under — खाली / अंतर्गत

under conservation — संवर्धनाखाली
understand — समजणे
 

us — आम्हाला / आपल्याला
 

using — वापरणे

V

valuable — मौल्यवान
 

valuable work — मौल्यवान कार्य
 

value — मूल्य / महत्त्व
 

very — खूप / फार
 

very important — अत्यंत महत्त्वाचे
 

very poor — अतिशय गरीब

W

was — होता / होती / होते
 

was very poor — अतिशय गरीब होती
 

water — पाणी
 

water conservation — जलसंवर्धन

we — आपण / आम्ही
 

which means — ज्याचा अर्थ आहे
 

who loved nature — ज्यांनी निसर्गावर प्रेम केले
 

with — सोबत / सह

with many farmers — अनेक शेतकऱ्यांसोबत
with love — प्रेमाने
 

with the forest department — वन विभागासोबत
 

work — काम
 

worked — काम केले
 

worked for tree planting — वृक्षलागवडीसाठी काम केले

worked selflessly — निःस्वार्थपणे काम केले
worked selflessly for society — समाजासाठी निःस्वार्थपणे काम केले
 

work hard — कठोर परिश्रम करणे

Y

years — वर्षे
 

years of experience — अनुभवाची वर्षे / वर्षांचा अनुभव

महत्त्वाच्या काही पूर्ण वाक्यरचना :

Do you know? — तुम्हाला माहीत आहे का?

Nature is very important for our life — आपल्या जीवनासाठी निसर्ग खूप महत्त्वाचा आहे.
Forests give us fresh air, clean water, food and shelter — जंगले आपल्याला ताजी हवा, स्वच्छ पाणी, अन्न आणि निवारा देतात.
Animals and birds also depend on forests — प्राणी आणि पक्षीही जंगलांवर अवलंबून असतात.
 

some people understand the value of nature — काही लोकांना निसर्गाचे महत्त्व समजते.
 

they do not work for money or fame — ते पैसा किंवा प्रसिद्धीसाठी काम करत नाहीत.

they work with love and care for nature — ते प्रेमाने आणि निसर्गाची काळजी घेऊन काम करतात.

 she could not read or write — ती वाचू किंवा लिहू शकत नव्हती.
 

She planted more than 30,000 saplings in her life — तिने आपल्या आयुष्यात ३०,००० पेक्षा जास्त रोपे लावली.

She believed that the forest taught her like a teacher — जंगलाने आपल्याला शिक्षकाप्रमाणे शिकवले, असा तिचा विश्वास होता.
she loved trees as her own children — तिने झाडांवर आपल्या स्वतःच्या मुलांप्रमाणे प्रेम केले.
 

she encouraged farmers to use local crops instead of only market seeds — तिने शेतकऱ्यांना केवळ बाजारातील बियाण्यांऐवजी स्थानिक पिके वापरण्यास प्रोत्साहन दिले.

she shared seeds freely with many farmers — तिने अनेक शेतकऱ्यांना बियाणे विनामूल्य वाटले.
 

the groundwater level increased in many areas — अनेक भागांत भूजल पातळी वाढली.

farmers got more water for farming — शेतकऱ्यांना शेतीसाठी अधिक पाणी मिळाले.
 

their crops improved — त्यांच्या पिकांमध्ये सुधारणा झाली.
 

many forests were saved because of his efforts — त्याच्या प्रयत्नांमुळे अनेक जंगले वाचली.

1.4    The People Who Protect Nature 

English Word English Meaning  :  

herbs - plants whose leaves, seeds are used in medicine  

encyclopaedia - a book or set of books that gives information about many subjects aranged, in the order of alphabet (from a to z) 

landraces - variety of crops that suit the conditions of a particular local area  conservation - the protection of the natural world.

sustainable - that can continue for a long time.

cultivation - the  preparation and the use of the land for growing crops. trenches - a long narrow hole dug in the ground for water to flow along. increased - became something larger.

C.

Read the text and complete the following sentences. 1. Forests give us fresh air, clean water, __________ and shelter.  2. Tulsi Gowda planted more than __________ saplings. 3. Tulsi Gowda worked with the __________ department. 4. Check dams and trenches help to store __________ water. 5. Rahibai Soma Popere encouraged farmers to grow __________crops. d. Complete the following table. Names Tulsi Gowda Chaitram Pawar Rahibai Popere State Known as Awarded ‘Padmashri’ in the year e. Match the root words with the suitable prefixes. One has been done for you. Prefix re dis im ir unRoot word stop known Word nonstop present advantage possible nonf. regular (i) Look at the picture and read the sentences. 1.   This is a boy. He is studious. 2.   This is a girl. She is brave. 3.  This is a tree. It is green. (ii) Read the chart. Gender Masculine Feminine Pronoun He Example Boy, father, king She Neuter It Girl, mother, queen Book, table, city, fruit

iii) Write the correct pronoun for the given words. (He, She, It) Words king doll flower Pronoun Words pen Yash Srushti Pronoun g. Write a short paragraph on ‘Trees are our best friends.’ (shade, help, fruits, oxygen, protect) Trees are our best friends. They give us ________. We eat its ________and nuts. We rest in its ________in summer. They ________to bring rain. We should ________trees. h. Collect information about environmental protection and water conservation activities. i. What type of books do you like to read? Make a list of your favourite books. I like   _______________________

No Name of books No Name of books 1 _____________________________ 4 _____________________________ 2 _____________________________ 5 _____________________________ 3 ________________j. Create and write slogans for ‘Save Water’ and ‘Save Trees.’ 1. ______________________________ 2.  ______________________________ 3. ______________________________ 4. ______________________________ 5. _______

For the Facilitator : • Arrange a poster making competition in school on ‘Save Trees, Save Water’ or topics related to environment. Arrange poster exhibition in the school. • Encourage the learners to read about the environment and water conservation activities carried out world wide. • Motivate them to gather more information about Chaitram Pawar, Tulsi Gowada and Rahibai. • Encourage them to explore different sources such as books, newspapers and the internet to collect information.

**********************

c. Read the text and complete the following sentences. 1. Forests give us fresh air, clean water, __________ and shelter.  2. Tulsi Gowda planted more than __________ saplings. 3. Tulsi Gowda worked with the __________ department. 4. Check dams and trenches help to store __________ water. 5. Rahibai Soma Popere encouraged farmers to grow __________crops. d. Complete the following table. Names Tulsi Gowda Chaitram Pawar Rahibai Popere State Known as Awarded ‘Padmashri’ in the year e. Match the root words with the suitable prefixes. One has been done for you. Prefix re dis im ir unRoot word stop known Word nonstop present advantage possible nonf. regular (i) Look at the picture and read the sentences. 1.   This is a boy. He is studious. 2.   This is a girl. She is brave. 3.  This is a tree. It is green. (ii) Read the chart. Gender Masculine Feminine Pronoun He Example Boy, father, king She Neuter It Girl, mother, queen Book, table, city, fruit

iii) Write the correct pronoun for the given words. (He, She, It) Words king doll flower Pronoun Words pen Yash Srushti Pronoun g. Write a short paragraph on ‘Trees are our best friends.’ (shade, help, fruits, oxygen, protect) Trees are our best friends. They give us ________. We eat its ________and nuts. We rest in its ________in summer. They ________to bring rain. We should ________trees. h. Collect information about environmental protection and water conservation activities. i. What type of books do you like to read? Make a list of your favourite books. I like   _______________________

No Name of books No Name of books 1 _____________________________ 4 _____________________________ 2 _____________________________ 5 _____________________________ 3 ________________j. Create and write slogans for ‘Save Water’ and ‘Save Trees.’ 1. ______________________________ 2.  ______________________________ 3. ______________________________ 4. ______________________________ 5. _______

For the Facilitator : • Arrange a poster making competition in school on ‘Save Trees, Save Water’ or topics related to environment. Arrange poster exhibition in the school. • Encourage the learners to read about the environment and water conservation activities carried out world wide. • Motivate them to gather more information about Chaitram Pawar, Tulsi Gowada and Rahibai. • Encourage them to explore different sources such as books, newspapers and the internet to collect information.