8ENG3.2 Song of Songs

 3.2 Song of Songs (page- 59)

 NEW WORDS FROM CHIT - CHAT

listen - ऐकणे 

types - प्रकार 

do you sing? - तुम्ही  गायन करता का ? 

favourite singer- आवडते गायक 

guidance- मार्गदर्शन 

difference - फरक ,वेगळेपण, अलग 

between - दोहोंच्या मध्ये 

folk music - लोकसंगीत 

classical music- शास्त्रीय संगीत

discuss- चर्चा करा 

write down - लिहून काढा 

Musical Instruments- संगीत वाद्ये

Indian musical instruments - भारतीय संगीत वाद्ये 

Western music- पाश्चिमात्य संगीत 

Western -पाश्चिमात्य

Tabla -तबला 

Drum- ढोल

musical notes - संगीत स्वर नियोजन (स्वर नोटेशन) 

ocassion - प्रसंग 

are best sung - सर्वोत्तम गायले जातात 

Warming up!

Chit-chat 

(Useful  Questions  on Dialogue)

(1) Do you like to listen to music/ songs ? 

Ans. Yes, I like to listen to music in my free time.

(2) What types of songs do you  sing? 

Ans. I sing songs of Hindi Bollywood

movies , Folk music , Bhajan, poems etc.

(3) Who is your favourite singer?

 Ans. My favourite singer is Arjit Singh.

Alka Yagnik, Kumar Sanu,  Udit Narayan .

(4) When do you sing?

Ans. Whenever I am free and get time,I sing.

(5) Do you practise singing under the guidance of a Guru ? 

Ans. No, I do not practise singing under the guidance of a Guru. I listen and try to imitate.

(6) What is difference between folk music and classical music? 

Ans. Classical music

(1) Based on disciplined Ragas

(2) Strict rules of rhythm and patterns.

 Folk music

(1) Comes from the heart.

(2) It is the music of traditional popular music styles of the region/communities.

◆◆ (1) Write down the names of 5 to 6 Indian musical instruments and those used Western music. 

Musical instruments:

Indian   Instruments   :-  Shehnai,  Sitar , Sarangi , Tabla, Mridangam, Flute , Harmonium

Western Instruments :- Piano , Drum , Harp , Keyboard , Guitar Violin, Cello.

(2) A 'Raag' or 'Raga' is a music piece in Indian Classical music which is sung or played in a fixed combination of 5 to 6 basic musical notes..

['राग' ही हिंदुस्तानी शास्त्रीय संगीतातील 5 ते 6 मूळ स्वरांची विशिष्ट रचना करून गायली अथवा वाजवली जाणारी स्वरावली होय.]

From any singer/musician or the Internet write down the names of any five Ragas and on what occasion they are best sung.

[एखादया गायक/संगीतकाराकडून किंवा आंतरजालावरून कोणत्याही पाच रागांची नावे मिळवा आणि ते कोणत्या प्रहरी गायले जातात ते लिहा.]

Raag           -          Occasion

(1) Raag Malkans-   Late night

(2) Raag Bhairavi - Morning

(3) Raag Poorvi- Afternoon

(4) Raag Marwa- Evening

(5) Raag Kalyan - Night

(6) Raag Kafi  -  Any time

3.2 Song of Songs (page- 60 & 61 )

exhausted - tired

exquisite - very fine and pleasing

summoned - called

enraged -  filled with anger

austere - simple

persuade  -  try to convince

deliberate -  purely made (मुद्दाम) 

exasperated - irritated, angry

hypnotised - captured full attention

divine  - of or like God

slowly-  सावकाशपणे

gently - हळुवारपणे 

exhausted - दमलेले 

musician - संगीतकार 

lay - घालणे, मांडणे, ठेवणे 

laid -  lay चा भूतकाळ 

laid- ठेवले ,मांडले 

tanpura - तनपुरा ( a musical instrument) 

carpet - सतरंजी, चटई 

exquisite - अप्रतिम , अगदी सुंदर, आनंददायी 

strains - नाद (तानपुरा छेडल्याने येणारा आवाज) 

Raag Darbari -  राग दरबारी 

 ( राग दरबारी हे   संगीतातील एका रागाचे नाव आहे) 

still - अद्याप, अजूनपर्यंत 

vibrated - घुमत राहिले , 

within - आतमध्ये 

hall- सभागृह 

emperor- सम्राट 

looked up-  वर पाहिले 

eyes lit - डोळ्यातले भाव 

with admiration - प्रशंसाने , कौतुकाने, आदराने 

wonderful - अप्रतिम 

superb- अत्युत्तम 

listen to you - तुम्हाला  ऐकतो 

seem- वाटणे , भासणे, दिसणे.

enough - पुरेसे असणे 

I can't seem to have enough  - माझे समाधान होत नाही 

Tansen - अकबराच्या दरबारातील एका गायकाचे नाव  

bowed  -  नतमस्तक झाला , नमन केले, 

gratitude- कृतज्ञता 

in  silent gratitude- नम्र कृतज्ञता 

most wonderful -  सर्वात सुंदर 

voice - आवाज 

I think - मला  वाटते 

Shahenshah- शहेनशहा , 

with a smile - हसून 

someone- कुणीतरी 

far better - अधिक चांगले

cried - ओरडले 

disbelieving -  अविश्वासाने 

I must - मी केलेच पाहिजे 

court- दरबार 

arrange - व्यवस्था 

shook his head- नकारार्थी मान हलवली 

afraid - घाबरला 

Sire- महाशय  (title used for addressing the king )  ( Sire - Sir चा मूळ शब्द) 

summoned-- बोलावणे ,

enraged- संतप्त  

other- इतर 

different- अलग ,वेगळा 

half-scared eyes - किंचित घाबरलेले डोळे 

provided - पुरावले, असलेले ,

humble - नम्र , 

humble lover - निस्सीम भक्त 

of music - संगीताचा 

spoken - बोललेलं 

austere life - साधेपणाने जगणे 

hermit - एकांतवास, जीवन पवित्र करण्यासाठी लांब राहणारा

busy- व्यस्त 

daily chores- दैनंदिन कामे

firmly - ठाम पणे 

even- अगदी ,जरी, देखील 

favourite - आवडता 

pupil - शिष्य , 

persuade- मन वळवणे 

change his mind - त्याचे मत वळवणे

change someone's  mind - एखाद्याचे  मत वळवणे

offered-  देऊ केले, प्रस्ताव ठेवला 

deliberate- मुद्दाम 

mistake- चूक 

amazed- आता, आश्चर्य

same - तीच, एकसारखी ,तशीच ,त्यासारखी 

exasperated-  रागाने 

sang- गायिले 

spread - पसरला , पसरले 

across-  पलीकडे , ओलांडून पलीकडे जाणे 

first glimmer- सकाळची किरणे 

dawn- पहाट

fragrance - सुगंध 

jasmine -जाई 

hypnotised - मोहिनी घातली ,

realized- लक्षात आले ,कळले, 

truth - सत्य 

certainly - नक्कीच, खात्रीपूर्वक, खात्रीने 

never heard - कधीही न ऐकलेले 

anything - काहीबाही, काहीही, 

suddenly- अचानकपणे 

broke- तोडले, भंग केले 

silence - शांतता

broke the silence - शांततेचा भंग केला

as - जसे 

as they walked back - जसे ते माघारी चालू लागले 

command - हुकूम 

springs- झरते, पाझरते, येते, वाहते 

soul- आत्मा 

depths of his soul- आंतरातत्त्म्यांपासून

free and unasked - मुक्त आणि स्वच्छंदी 

expect- अपेक्षा 

divine - दैवी , अलौकिक 

MARGIN QUESTIONS 

(1) Who is the musician?

Ans:- Tansen 

(2) How does Emperor Akbar praise Tansen ? 

(3) Who was the musician that Tansen was talking about?

Ans:- Sant  Haridas .

(3) How was Akbar different from other rulers of that time?

(4) Why did Tansen make deliberate mistake?

(5) What is the music that spread across the forest compared to?

(6) What reason did Tansen give for his Guruji's outstanding music?

Reading Skills Vocabulary and Grammar

Q. 1. Read the following passage and do the activities :

A1. Simple Factual Activities:

(1) Answer in one/two words:

 (i) The Raag that the exhausted musician was singing .

(ii) Name of the musician.

(iii) Name of the Emperor.

(iv) Tansen's music teacher.

 ( Ans: - (i)Raag Darbari  (ii)Tansen

 (iii)Akbar  (iv)Sant Haridas  ) 

(2) Write T for True, NT for Not True and CNS for Can Not Say:

(i) Emperor Akbar greatly admired (प्रशंसा केली ) Tansen's music, but now he was bored with it.

(ii) Akbar was arrogant( गर्विष्ठ)  and expected all his subjects to obey ( आज्ञा) his commands.

(iii) Guruji recognised the king.

(iv) Sant Haridas's favourite pupil could not persuade( मन वळवले)  him to change his mind.

( Ans :- (i) NT  (ii) NT (iii) CNS  (iv) NT

(3) Who was the musician that Tansen was talking about ? 

Ans :- Tansen was talking about his Guru Sant Haridas.

A2. Complex Factual Activity:

(1) Who said to whom and when/why?

(1) Then I must have him sing in my court.

Ans:- Who said - Akbar

to whom - Tansen 

When  said - When Tansen said someone sings better than than him.

(2) I shall go as a humble lover of music.

Ans:- Who said - Akbar

to whom - Tansen 

When  said - When Tansen told Akbar that he would not come even if Emperor summoned him.

(2) Answer the following:

(a) How does Emperor Akbar praise 

( स्तुती ) Tansen? 

Ans. Emperor Akbar looked up, and said it was indeed wonderful and superb. And he further said that he had the wonderful voice in the world. Thus he praises Tansen.

(b) How was Akbar different  ( वेगळा) from other rulers of that time? 

Ans. Tansen told Akbar that his guru Sant Haridas would not come even if the emperor himself had summoned him. This reply would have enraged any other emperor but instead of getting angry Akbar told him that he would go to him himself, if he would take him to him. It shows the humanity and humbleness of Akbar. Thus he was different than other rulers in his attitude.

(3) Where did Sant Haridas live! What was he doing when Tansen and the Emperor reached his hut ? 

Ans. Sant Haridas lived the simple life of a hermit. He was busy with his daily chores when Tansen and the Emperor reached his hut.

A3. Activity based on Vocabulary: 

Frame your own sentences by using the given words/phrases: 

(1) Wonderful 

(2) Superb

(3) Very well Ans. 

(4) Summoned 

Ans. 

(1) What a wonderful scene that was!

(2) His handwriting is really Superb.

(3) My sister has been doing very well in her studies.

(4) The teacher summoned the whole class on the ground and took an interesting

activity. 

A4. Activities based on contextual Grammar:

(1) Make negative sentences :

(1) Even his favourite pupil could not persuade him to change his mind.

Ans. Even his favourite pupil was unable to persuade him to change his mind.

(2) There is someone who sings far better

than I do. 

Ans. I cannot sing as good as someone

else there. 

(2)  Write the types of following sentences :

 Sentences

(1) I am long past the age for singing. 

(2) Wonderful!

(3) No, not even then!

(4) Take me to him.

Ans:-  Types (1)   Statement / Assertive (विधानार्थी)    (2) Exclamatory (3) Negative (4)  Imperative (आज्ञार्थी  वाक्य) 

A5. Personal Response:

(1) Write 4-5 sentences about your favourite singer.

Ans. Lata Mangeshkar is my favourite singer. Even though she is more than 20 years of age, she sings very well. Her voice. is really melodious. She has received many awards and honours for her work in music. Her voice suits even a 16-year old girl. She is known as 'Nightingale of India'.

(2) What would happen if the Emperor Akbar would summon ( बोलावणे पाठवले) Sant Haridas.? 

Ans. If the Emperor Akbar would summon Sant Haridas, he wouldn't have come to his court. The Emperor would have been felt insulted. And even Tansen would have been hurt. And if he wouldn't have come to his court, the Emperor would have given him punishment by bringing him in front of him by sending his men. He would not be able to listen to the music of Sant Haridas.

Q. 2. Read the following passage and do the activities:

A1. Simple Factual Activity:

Write T for True, NT for Not True and CNS for Can Not Say:

(1) In spite of being a great singer, Tansen continued to make deliberate mistakes.

(2) Any effort dedicated to God turns to be the best.

(3) Sant Haridas sings at the Emperor's command.

(4) Both Akbar and Tansen listened to him as if they were hypnotized.

 ( Ans:-  (1)T (2) T (3) NT (4) T

 [ Passage-2 (Textbook Pages 60-61)

But Tansen ....... ................. and divine.] 

A2. Complex Factual Activities: 

(1) Who said to whom and when/why?

Sentence 

(1) What has happened to you? Sant Haridas

Ans:- Who said -Sant Haridas

         to whom- Tansen

         when/why- When  Tansen made a deliberate  mistake.

(2) How can I expect my music to be so beautiful and  divine? 

Ans:- Who said - Tansen

         to whom - Akbar

         when/why - When Akbar asked   Tansen, why  he ( Tansen ) couldn't sing like his Guru. 

(2) Answer the following:

(a) Why did Tansen make deliberate

mistake?

 Ans. Tansen made deliberate mistake because when they reached Sant Haridas, his guru  Sant Haridas was not ready to sing. Tansen tried to sing and made mistakes so that they could hear his Guru singing.

(b) What is the music that spread across the forest compared to? 

Ans. The music that spread across the forest is compared to the first glimmer of dawn or the fragrance of jasmine.

(c) What reason did Tansen give for his Guruji's outstanding (अद्वितीय) music? 

Ans. According to Tansen his Guruji's music and voice is outstanding because he sings for one who is master of even kings, that is God! So his music springs from the depth of his soul, free and unasked for.

(3) Complete the following sentences :

 (i) Sant Haridas took the tanpura from Tansen's hand and .....................................

 (ii) Tansen told the emperor Akbar that he sings at the command of Emperor of Hindustan and his Guruji sings for ...............................

Ans:-(i) sang the right note. 

        (ii) God

A3. Activity based on Vocabulary:

 (1) Frame your own sentences using words/phrase:

(i) So beautiful and divine.

 Ans. The music is so beautiful and divine.

(ii) to get round somebody/something.

 Ans. The trust is looking for ways to get round someone to solve the funding  problem. 

(2) Find out synonyms for following from the passage: 

 (i) irritated

(ii) like God 

(iii) mesmerize - 

(iv) monarch

Ans:- 

(i)exasperated

(ii)divine

(iii)hypnotize

(iv) emperor

A4. Activities based on Contextual Grammar:

(1) Make it affirmative: 

That is not the right note.

Ans. That is the wrong note.

(2) Make it Assertive :

How beautiful his music was!

Ans. His music was very beautiful. 

A5. Personal Response:

(1) Do you like music? Why? 

Ans. I like music because it makes feel good. It relaxes our mind and removes   stress and strain from our mind and body. energizes and, activates us.

(2) What will you do if you find a blind person singing songs melodiously(सुरेल)  for begging   ( भीक मागताना) ?

Ans. If I find a blind person singing songs melodiously for begging. I would ask him about his educational qualifications in music. If he is well qualified, I will take him to my school. And I will request my school authorities to depute him as a music teacher so that we would enjoy his melodious voice and he would earn his bread and butter instead of begging.

Language Study Activities

me (A) Do as ted:

(1) Complete the following words by using correct letters:

(i)le-al (ii) m a-on

Ans. (i) legal  (ii) mason 

(2) Copy the sentences correctly inyour notebook :

 (i) This is a story of a mason, who worked

for a building contractor. 

(ii) "If he doesn't come, I shall go to him,

myself, will you take me to him?"

(3) Put the following words  in  alphabetical order : 

happy, documents, complete, reluctance, device , devine , decide 

Ans. complete, decide, device  ,devine

documents, happy. reluctance.

(4) Complete the word chain :

contractor, ration,

Ans. contractor, ration, nation, net, tired, device, emperor, 

B) Do as directed :

(1) Make a meaningful sentences by using the phrase 'with great devotion': 

Ans. If we work with great devotion we can achieve anything in our life.

(2) Add a prefix as suffix to make new

words : (i) continue (ii) retire

Ans. (i) continue- discontinue

(ii) retire - retirement

Language Study

Phrase/Clause

Study the underlined / bold words :

(i) (a) He wore a shirt made of cotton.

Phrase

(b) He wore a shirt which was made of cotton.

= Clause

(ii) (a) Are you sure, of your innocence?

Phrase

(b) Are you sure, that you are innocent?

Clause

(iii) (a) This is the exact  reason for his failure.

Phrase

(b) This is exactly, why he has failed.

- Clause

(iv) (a) After finishing his work, he went home.

Phrase

(b) He finished his work and he went home.

Clause

वरील चारही संचांत (a) वाक्यांत अधोरेखित केलेला भाग हा संकल्पना अथवा अभिव्यक्तीचा उल्लेख करतो. त्यांमध्ये कर्ता अथवा मुख्य क्रियापदाचाही समावेश नाही. अशा शब्दांच्या एकत्रित गटाला 'वाक्यांश' Phrase असे म्हणतात. तसेच प्रत्येक संचातील (b) वाक्यात अधोरेखित केलेल्या भागामधून विचार अथवा संकल्पना व्यक्त होते. त्यामध्ये कर्ता आणि मुख्य क्रियापदाचाही समावेश आहे. वाक्यातील या भागाला उपवाक्य' Clause असे म्हणतात.

Q. Say whether the underlined parts are

Phrases or Clauses:

 (i) The musician laid his tanpura on the carpet.

(ii) There is someone, who sings far better.

(iii) He had been Tansen's music teacher and he lived the life of a hermit. 

Phrase

(iv) The music spread like the first glimmer of dawn. - Phrase

(v) His music springs from the depths of his soul.

-Phrase

(vi) As they walked back, the emperor suddenly broke the silence.

- Phrase

(5) Make as many words as you can from the word 'Exasperated'

Ans. (1) spread (2) read (3) trade  (4) speed

(5) trap  (6) seat  (7) seed  (8) date (9) dear

(10) deer (11) tree  (12) saree  (13) rat  (14) ear  (15) eat   (16) tea  (17) pea  (18) sea  (19) see (20) rate

(6) Spot the error and rewrite the correct sentence:

He did not cared.

Ans. He did not care.

(7) From the story make a list of words related with music' (Word Register).

Ans. Words related with 'Music':

Musician, Raag, Voice, Sing, Ustad, Music. teacher, Tanpura, Tansen, Sant Haridas.

Classroom Activity

Divide the class into 2 groups.(Teacher divides the story into 2 parts.) Each group should be alloted one part to be converted to

a play/skit format. Combine the two parts, such that the entire story is converted to a play. Also give a suitable title. Present the play in your class, 

Individual Activity

Collect any five stories of Akbar and Birbal. Write/present any one of them in the class.  Ans. Names of the stories of Akbar and Birbal :

(i) Fear is the Key

(ii) Question for Question

(iii) The Noblest Beggar 

(iv) Why is Camel's Neck Crooked?

(v) The True King

(vi) Unlucky Face

Project

Search on Internet the information about Tansen and any two great artists/ musicians with the help of the following points. 

(1) Name: 

(2) Place of Birth : 

(3) Music/Art :  

(4) Awards and Honours :

Ans:- 

(1) Name: Bhimsen Gururaj Joshi 

(2) Place of Birth : Ron: District-Gada in Karnataka.

(3) Music/Art: Hindustani Classical music, devotional songs.

(4) Awards and Honours :

Padma Shri -1972 

Padma Bhushan-1999

Bharat Ratna - 2009.