8ENG 1.2 Androcles and the Lion
WARMING UP!
CHIT-CHAT
(Useful Question and answer for Dialogue)
(1) Have you ever helped anyone? Why?
Ans. I always help my parents at home because I love to do something for them.
(2) How did you help him/her?
Ans. I help my mother by giving what she wants in the kitchen and I help my father whenever he tells me to do some work.
(3) Has anyone ever helped you in your need?
Ans. One of my close friends, helped me in my hour of need.
(4) How did you feel at that time?
Ans. I felt very happy and satisfied.
(5) How did you show your gratitude to him / her?
Ans. I showed my gratitude to him by saying thanks and whenever I got a chance to help him. I helped him.
(1) Discuss with your benchmate and write down the names of any five stories of bravery that you have read/ heard. Also name the brave hero / heroine of each story.
Name of the Story & Name of the Hero/ Heroine
(a) Naomi, the crystal warrior -Naomi
(b) Calling Sehmat -Sehmat
(c) Pawankhind -Baji Prabhu
(d) Jhansi ki Rani - Rani Laxmibai
(e) David and Goliath -David
Complete the facts about lions choosing from the alternatives:
(Answers are given below.)
(1) Lions are called ............... of the jungle. (emperor/lord/king)
(2) Lions belong to the ...................family of animals. (dog/cat/ horse)
(3) Lions are ............................... animals. (carnivorous/herbivorous/omnivorous)
(4) ...................... lions have a mane around their neck but lionesses do not have it.
(Cub/Male/Female)
(5) A group of lions is called a ..................
( flock / herd /pride )
(6) Lions attack only when they are ..................
( tricked / awake / hungry )
{ Ans: (1) king (2) cat (3) carnivorous
(4) Male (5) pride (6) hungry }
To Read Story Aloud With Teacher CLICK HERE
NEW WORDS FROM
CHIT-CHAT (Page -6)
ever - कधीतरी ,कोणत्याही वेळी
anyone - कोणालाही
owe - देणे असणे, उपकृत असणे, ऋणात असणे
whenever - जेव्हा जेव्हा
Satisfied - समाधानी होणे
gratitude - कृतज्ञता
discuss - चर्चा करा
benchmate - बेंच पार्टनर, बाकावरचा मित्र
Hero x Heroine
facts - तथ्य
alternatives- पर्याय , विकल्प ,
jungle - forest
belong to - संबंधित असणे , मालकीचे असणे
carnivorous- मांसभक्षक
herbivorous - शाकाहारी
omnivorous- सर्वसमावेशक
mane - आयाळ
lion x lionesses
Male x Female
flock - थवा
herd - झुंड ,कळप
pride - अभिमान , अहंकार
attack - हल्ला
tricked - युक्ती
awake - जागे होणे , झोपेतून उठणे
hungry - भुकेजलेला
(Page -7)
Long, long ago - खूप वर्षांपूर्वी
lived - राहायचा
kind- दयाळू
gentle -प्रेमळ
courteous - polite (सभ्य)
had - have आणि has चा भूतकाळ
cruel - क्रूर
master- स्वामी , मालक ,
In those days- त्या काळी, त्या काळात
nobles - सरदार लोक
wealthy men- श्रीमंत लोक
poor people - गरीब लोक
slaves- गुलाम
forced to - जबरदस्तीने
had to - करावे लागते , करावे लागले
freedom- स्वातंत्र्य
rights- अधिकार
leave - सोडून देणे
bound by law - कायद्याने बंधनकारक
obey - आज्ञा राखणे
however - कसेही असले तरी
wicked - दुष्ट
heartless- निर्दयी
starved- भुकेजलेला
often - वारंवार
whipped - चाबकाने फटके मारणे
felt - वाटले
death - मृत्यू
better - अधिक चांगले
serving - सेवा देणे
kept looking out -शोधत असणे , पाळत ठेवणे, मोका शोधणे
opportunity- संधी
escaped - सुटका केली
clutches - तावडीतून
although - जरी
coward- भित्रा ,
took - घेतला
shelter - निवारा
in a forest - जंगलामध्ये
afraid - घाबरलेला, भयभीत झालेला
wild beasts - जंगली श्वापद , जंगली प्राणी
roamed - भटकतात
He did not mind - त्याने खंत वाटून घेतली नाही
roof - छत, छप्पर
free - मुक्त
wherever कोठेही
wish इच्छा
as - जशी
wandering -फिरत असताना
suddenly - अचानक
came- आले
face to face /- समोरा समोर
reaction - प्रतिक्रिया
flee - पळून जणे
lion had not moved - सिंह अजिबात हलला नाही
Lion neither growled, nor roared.- सिंह ना गुरगुराला ,ना गर्जना केली
piteously - गंभीर ,करुणाजनक
great pain- मोठ्या वेदना
paused- थबकला
very cautiously - अगदी सावधपणे
towards the lion - सिंहा कडे
step by step- पायरी पायरीने, पावला पावलाने
moaned - कण्हणे
whimpered- वेदनेमुळे ओरडणे, विव्हलवला
seemed - दिसले ,
drew near- अगदी जवळ
the lion lowered its head- सिंहाने आपले डोके खाली झुकवणे
began - सुरुवात केली
to lick - चाटायला
paw- पंजा
saw- पाहिलेले
wounded- जखम झाली
sore- वेदनेने व्याकुळ
swollen- सुजलेला
On a closer look- अधिक जवळून पाहता
Androcles noticed- अँड्रॉक्लस च्या लक्षात आले
thorn - काटा
pierced - घुसला
toes- नख्या
cause - कारण
distress - दुःख ,मोठे संकट, भयानक संकट,
summoning up courage- धैर्य एकवटून
stretched - सरळ केले, ताणले
injured paw- जखमी पंजा
afraid - भयभीत झालेला
attack - हल्ला
swollen - सुजलेला
paw- पंजा
swollen paw- सुजलेला पंजा
intention- हेतू, purpose
good intention- सद् हेतू,
(Page -8)
deftly - चपळाईने,
pulled- ओढणे
pulled out - बाहेर खेचणे , बाहेर ओढणे
tearing - फाडत
piece - तुकडा
clothing- कापड
bound up - गुंडाळले
gratitude- कृतज्ञता
remained - राहिला , उरला
till - पर्यंत
helpless- असहाय्य
beast- प्राणी (animal)
helpless beast- असहाय्य प्राणी
dress - मलमपट्टी करणे
wound- जखम
soon - लवकरच, लगेचच
able - योग्य
followed - पाठलाग करणे , पाठीमागे जाणे
In the meanwhile- दरम्यानच्या काळात
complained - तक्रार केली
authorities - वरिष्ठ अधिकारी
soldiers - सैनिक
in all directions - सर्व दिशेने
to capture - पकडायला
searched for - शोध घेतला
alone - एकटा
cave- गुहा
prison - तुरुंग, jail)
found to be guilty - गुन्हा आढळून येणे , अपराधी दिसणे
crime - गुन्हा
serious crime - गंभीर गुन्हा
wild beasts- जंगली प्राणी
fed to wild beasts- जंगली प्राण्यांना खायला घालत
punishment - शिक्षा
(Page -9)
On the appointed day - ठरलेल्या दिवशी
the emperor arrived - सम्राटांचे आगमन झाले
cheered loudly - मोठ्याने जल्लोष केला
trumpete - तुतारी (एक पाश्चिमात्य वाद्य)
trumpeters - तुतारी वादक
blew - वाजवले ,फुंकले
trumpeters blew the trumpet - तुतारी वादकांनी तुतारी वाजवली
arena - रिंगण ,मैदाना, बाजूने प्रेक्षकांना बसून बघता येण्यासारखे मैदान .(सर्कस मधील रिंगण )
unbound- सोडले , मुक्त केले, बांधलेले सोडले
dismayed - sad ( दुःखी झाला) हिंमत खचलेला, दहशतीमुळे किंवा भीतीमुळे दुःखी झालेला.
raised - वर उचलले
ferocious - हिंस्र ,भयंकर , भयानक ,क्रूर
released - सोडले , मुक्त केले
hungry - भूक
filled with fear- भीतीने ग्रासले
but he put up a brave front -पण त्याने त्याच्यापुढे धाडस दाखवले
rushed towards him- त्याच्याकडे धावला
bounding and roaring - मिठी मारली आणि ओरडले
rage - संताप, क्रोध, उग्र रूप धारण करणे
melted - वितळला
recognized- ओळखले
amazement - आश्चर्य चकित झाले
purr - मायेने गुरगुरणे
rub - घासणे
hugged - मिठी मारली , कवेत घेतले
wept with relief and joy - मोकळेपणाने आणि आनंदाने रडला
audience- प्रेक्षक
including the emperor- सम्राट सहित , राजासाहित
tender sight - नाजूक दृश्य , हळवे दृश्य
in great wonder - मोठ्या आश्चर्याने
release - मोकळे झाले
strange behaviour - विलक्षण वर्तन
between - दोघांमधील
set free- मुक्त केले, सोडून दिले
reward - इनाम ,बक्षीस
replied- उत्तर दिले
free life- मुक्त जीवन
TRY TO LEARN IN ENGLISH
courteous - polite
bound by law - strictly forced to follow the laws
clutches- tight hold
coward- one who gets easily afraid
flee - run away ,escape
piteously - in a piteous manner
cautiously - very carefully
moaned - made painful sounds
whimpered - cried painfully
distress - great trouble
summoning up courage - trying to be brave
Intention - purpose
deftly - skillfully and quickly
arena - a ground surrounded by seats on all sides for sports and other public events.
dismayed - sad
ferocious - wild and dangerous, fierce
put up a brave front - show that one is not afraid
moved by - have strong feelings
MARGIN QUESTIONS
(Discuss and give answer oraly)
How were the slaves treated at that time?
Where did Androcles seek shelter, after his escape?
What did the lion seem to tell Androcles?
Why was the lion in pain?
How did Androcles nurse the lion's wound?
Where did the soldiers put Androcles and the lion after their capture?
What did Androcles feel after he was brought to the arena?
How did the hungry lion change, when he saw his friend?
Reading Skills, Vocabulary and Grammar
Q. 1. Read the story "1.2 Androcles and the Lion "and do the activities:
( Read Page -8)
A1. Simple Factual Activities:
(1) Read the passage and complete the
following sentences , choose from the bracket.
( heartless and wicked / kind, gentle and courteous man /to obey their master / poor people as their slaves )
(i) Androcles was a .....................
(ii) In those days, kings, nobles and other wealthy men used ............................
(iii) Androcles's master was ..........................
(iv) Slaves were bound by law ..........................
(2) State whether the following statements are True or False :
(1) Androcles was afraid of the wild beasts that roamed the forest.
(2) The lion's paw was wounded, sore and swollen.
(3) Androcles was unhappy that he was free as bird.
(4) Androcles sought shelter in the forest after his escape.
{Ans : (1) False (2) True (3) False (4) True}
A2. Complex Factual Activities:
(1) How were the slaves treated at that
time?
Ans. Slaves were forced to work for their masters. They had to do what their masters told them. They had no freedom, no rights. They even could not leave their masters for any reason. Thus, they were treated very cruely.
(2) What did the lion seem to tell Androcles?
Ans. The lion seemed to tell Androcles to help him.
(3) Write the reaction that followed each of the action given below:
(a) Androcles did not like his cruel master .-
so he felt death was better than serving such a master and he escaped from the clutches of his cruel master.
(b) The lion looked at Androcles piteously. -
so Androcles paused and then he moved very cautiously towards the lion and saw that the lion's paw was wounded, sore and swollen.
A3. Activities based on Vocabulary :
(1) Find from the extract the antonyms
of the following:
(1) kind x cruel
(2) happy x unhappy
(3) poor x wealthy
(4) brave x coward
(5) slave x master
(6) high x low
(2) Match the phrases in column 'A' with their meanings in column 'B':
Column ' A '
(1) looking out for
(2) face to face
(3) summon up courage
(4) to take a shelter
Column 'B'
(a) to go somewhere to cover and protection from danger.
(b) try to be brave
(c) in front of each other
(d) trying to search for out for trying to
Ans.
(1) looking out for - trying to search for.
(2) face to face - in front of each other .
(3) summon up courage - try to be brave .
(4) to take a shelter - to go somewhere to cover and protection from danger.
A4. Activities based on Contextual Grammar:
(1) Identify the tenses:
(1) He escaped from the clutches of his cruel master.
Ans. Simple past tense.
(2) He was wandering in the forest.
Ans. Past continuous tense.
(2) Do as directed:
(1) The slaves were forced to work for their master. (Pick out the infinitive and use it in your own sentence.)
Ans. Infinitive - to work
Sentence: It is everyone's duty to work for bread and butter for the family.
(2) Androcles did not like his master.
(Make it affirmative)
Ans. Androcles disliked his master.
A5. Personal response:
(1) What do you think about Androcles?
OR
What qualities did he possess?
Ans. I think Androcles was a very kind man. So when he saw the lion in pain, he did not think about his life whereas he thought about the lion's distress and tried to help him . He was kind, co-operative, understanding sensitive, brave, courageous and friendly by nature.
(2) Write in your own words 3 to 5 sentences about the following:
The condition of slaves in ancient Rome -
Ans. Slavery in ancient Rome played and Important role in society and the economy Besides mutual labour, slaves performed many domestic services and might be employed at high skilled jobs. Accountants and physicians were often slaves. Greek slaves in particular used to be highly educated. Unskilled slaves worked on farms, is in mines and at mills. Their living conditions were miserable and their lives short.
( Read Page -9)
Q. 2. Read the Story " Androcles and the Lion " and do the activities:
A1. Simple Factual Activity:
Choose the correct alternative and rewrite the sentences .
(1) Androcles and the lion fell into the hands of ......................................
(1) the soldiers
(ii) the hunters
(iii) the king
(2) The lion licked Androcles arm to ............................
(i) show love
(ii) show gratitude
(iii) show hate
(3) In those days, people who were found to be guilty of a serious crime were fed to .................................
(i)wild beasts.
(ii) wild tiger
(iii) wild animals
(4) They put Androcles in chains in ..........................
(i) a prison (ii) a cage (iii) a kingdom
A2. Complex Factual Activities:
(1) Answer the following questions:
(a) Why was the lion in pain?
Ans. A big thorn had pierced one of the lion's toes so it was in great pain.
(b) How did Androcles nurse the lion's wound?
Ans. Androcles pulled out the thorn from the paw in his left hand deftly. Then with a piece of his own clothing he bound up the injured paw. He would clean and dress the lion's wound. He remained with the lion till it could walk again. Thus he nursed the llon's wound.
(c) Where did the soldiers put Androcles and the lion after their capture?
Ans. After taking them back to the city. the soldiers put Androcles in chains in a prison and the lion was caged.
(2) Write the reaction that is followed the actions given below:
(a) Androcles bandaged the lion's injured paw, so the lion licked his arm as if to show gratitude which surprised and wondered Androcles.
A3. Activity based on Vocabulary.
Find out synonyms for the following from the passage:
(1) skillfully - deftly
(2) marvel- wonder
(3) thankfulness - gratitude
(4) seize - capture
A4. Activity based on Contextual Grammar
Use 'used to' in the following sentences
and rewrite them :
(1) He would clean and dress the lion's
wound every day.
(ii) He would hunt in the forest and share his food with the helpless beast.
Ans. (i) He used to clean and dress the lion's wound every day.
(ii) He used to hunt in the forest and share his food with the helpless beast.
A5. Personal Response:
Is it good to help the animals and birds? Why?
Ans. Yes, it is good to help the animals and birds because they also have feelings. like us. We can express our feelings in our words but they can't do it. So we should try to understand their feelings and help them whenever they need help. It is our duty to protect them from any kind of danger as they are the part of our food chain. And they beautify the nature.
( Read Page -10)
Q. 1. Read the following passage and do the activities:
A1. Simple Factual Activity:
State whether the following statements are True or False :
(1) The lion was released to a forest to live a free life.
(2) The lion had been kept hungry to make it more furious.
(3) The emperor made Androcles his slave again.
(4) The lion killed Androcles at the end.
(Ans : (1) True (2) True (3) False (4) False )
A2. Complex Factual Activities:
(1) Answer the following:
(a) What did Androcles feel after he was brought to the arena?
Ans. When Androcles was brought to the arena he was filled with fear but showed that he was not afraid.
(b) How did the hungry lion change, when he saw his friend?
Ans. The lion had been kept hungry to make it more ferocious and then it was released into the arena where Androcles was brought. When he saw Androcles, it rushed towards him bounding and roaring. But suddenly it stopped in its tracks and then moved slowly forward. Its rage was melted because it recognized its friend.
(2) Write the reaction that followed each of the actions given below:
(1) The hungry ferocious lion was released into the arena, so Androcles was filled with fear, but he showed he was not afraid.
(2) The lion reached Androcles and then it moved slowly forward. All its rage seemed to have melted. And it recognized its friend.
(3) When the emperor asked Androcle what other reward he would like, he replied that he didn't want anything for himself, but he wanted the lion to be set free too.
Ad. Activities based on vocabulary
(1) Match the phrases in column ' A'
With their meanings in column ' B'
column ' A'
(i)rage melted
( ii) be moved by
(iii) filled with fear
(iv) in great wonder
Column 'B'
(a) filled with soft feelings
(b) anger vanished
(c) to surprise
(d) got frightened
Ans:
(i) Drage melted - anger vanished
(ii) to be moved by -filled with soft feelings
(iii) filled with fear - got frightened
(iv) in great wonder to surprise
(2) Find from the passage the antonyms
of the following:
(1) punishment x reward
(2) unbound x bound
(3) tender x tough
(4) happy x dismayed
4. Activity based on Contextual
Grammar:
Separate the subject and predicate in
the following sentence:
(1) The emperor arrived at the circus.
(2) The two friends went back to the forest.
Ans.
(1) The emperor - subject
arrived at the circus - predicate
(2) The two friends -subject
went back to the forest - predicate
AT Personal Response :
' Even wild animals can be our friends '.Explain ...
Ans. Yes, even wild animals can be our friends because they have also feelings and emotions. If we help them definitely they will not be cruel with us. They know how to give reaction to our action. If we treat them cruelly definitely they will be cruel with us and if we treat them friendly and affectionately they can be our friends.
Language Study Activities...
(A) Do as directed:
(1) Complete the following words by using correct letters.
(i) co ......ard (ii) ar..... na
Ans. (i) coward (ii) arona
(2) Copy the sentences correctly in your notebook.
(1) The lion saw Androcles and rushed towards him.
(ii) 'So this is the cause of lion's distress. thought Androcles.
(3) Put the following words alphabetical order:
(A) paw, fill, kind, master, forest , feeling, , frightened
Ans. feeling,fill forest, frightened, kind, master, paw.
(4) Punctuate the following sentence:
the lion moaned and whimpered please help me.
Ans. The lion moaned and whimpered.
"Please help me."
(5) Make two words each minimum
(3 letters) using letters in the given words: "Punishment"
Ans. (i) punish (ii) ship
(6) Spot the error and rewrite the
correct sentence:
The slaves was forced to work for
teir masters.
Ans. The slaves were forced to work for
their masters.
(7) Write related words: (Adjectives)
(1)Androcles
Ans:- Kind , Unhappy, Gentle, Courteous
(B) Do as directed:
(1) Make a meaningful sentence by using the given word/phrase:
filled with fear
Ans. I was filled with fear when I saw a snake at my feet.
(2) Add a prefix or suffix to make new words.
(i) obey (ii) help
Ans. (i) obey-disobey (ii) help- helpless
Language Study
Auxiliary Verbs सहाय्यकारी क्रियापदे
जी क्रियापदे काळ, मनःस्थिती आणि प्रयोग व्यक्त करण्यासाठी वापरली जातात अशा क्रियापदांना Auxiliary Verbs (सहाय्यकारी क्रियापदे )म्हणतात.
1. be, can, may, will, etc.
(1) He is a teacher
(2) You will be a winner..
be , do' and have ही नेहमी वापरली जाणारी क्रियापदे सामान्यतः एखादया वाक्यात एकटीच वापरली जातात, तेव्हा त्यांना Primary Auxiliaries म्हणतात.
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