8 ENG 4.3 Golden Chain

 4.3 Golden Chain

WARMING UP 

CHIT CHAT ( Page 85)

(1) Do you have an old friend? 

Ans: Yes, I do have an old friend.

(2) What is needed for friendship to grow?

Ans: For friendship to grow we need unselfish love, loyalty , honesty, sensitivity , faith and understanding between two friends.

(3) How do you feel if you don't have any friend?

Ans: We feel lonely  , bored, and uneasy without  a friend.

(4) Why do we spend a lot of time in the company of friends? 

Ans: We spend a lot of time in the company of friends because it's make us happy.  We can expose our thoughts and share our  joy and sorrows  with them. We get relief with the company of friends.

(5) Why do we share secrets, happiness and sorrows with our friends?

  Ans: We share secrets, happiness and sorrows with our friends because  we love them. We have full faith in them.  We can open our mind  with friends. 

(1) Write 5 points each about Do's and Don'ts in True Friendship'.

Do's 

 (1) Help in times of trouble.

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

Don'ts

(1) Allow you to copy answers during exams.

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

Golden Chain

Poet is- Helen Steiner Rice. 

Percious - बहुमोल 

Recollections - संस्मरण

Tie - दोरीने बांधणे ( गाठ मारणे , गाठ बांधणे ) 

Link - जोडणे

Treassured - खजिना

Joy - हर्ष

Blessed - भाग्यवान , आशीर्वाद , कृपा झाली 

Clasped - हातात घट्ट धरणे.

Erase - खोडून टाकने.

Kindeed - सारखा; समता

Rare - असामान्य , दुर्मिळ 

Pleasure - सुख, आनंद, मर्जी, इच्छा 

Binding - एकत्र आणत.

clasped : held tightly

links - कड्या 

dear- प्रिय 

deer - हरीण

rare - दुर्मिळ

precious - बहुमोल 

jewel- दागिना 

treasured - खजिना 

kindred : alike, similar ( एकसारखे ) 

more x ...........

each - every 

year - ear 

clasped -  held together (  एकत्र धरून ठेवणे )

firmly- घट्टपणे 

deep - खोल 

rich - पुरेपूर , भरपूर

rich  x  lack

recollections : remembering the past

(भूतकाळ आठवणे )

erase :   पुसून टाकणे , खोडून टाकणे wipe away

memories आठवणी 

 fond - आवड असणे 

fond  of - ची आवड असणे 

recollections- remembering the past . ( भूतकाळातील आठवणी आठवणे ) 

destroy - सत्यानाश 

priceless - अमूल्य

gift  - present ( भेटवस्तू ) 

bought  x  sold 

 .................... चा(  pt )  bought

.................... चा (pt ) sold

worth -  च्या मोबदल्यात , च्या  किमतीमध्ये 

strong  x  ...................

blessed - आशीर्वाद असणे ,प्रसन्न होणे ,

Bind - एकत्र  बांधणे

kindred -  एकसारखे  alike , similar

 passing by- निघून जाणे 

As the years go - जशी वर्षे जातील .......

ENGLISH WORKSHOP

Q. (1) To what two things is friendship compared?

Ans: Golden chain  and precious jewel.

Q.(2)What holds friends closely together?

Ans: Friendship holds the friends closely together. 

•Q. (3) How long does true friendship last?

Ans: Friendship doesn't go to last because  it's treasured more each year.

• Q.(4) Which possession is more precious than gold ?

Ans: Friendship posseses more precious than gold. 

Write answer in one word or a sentence.

(1) Who  can't destroy friendship's beauty ?

Ans: Time can't destroy friendship's beauty.

(2) What  is a Golden chain ?

Ans: Friendship is a Golden chain.

(3) Which links  is  so dear ?

Ans:Friendship  links  is  so dear.

( Page 85)

(2) We have already learnt that when there occurs a comparison in the lines of a poem, the Figure of Speech in that line is a Simile.

For example :

   as bright as a star

  tall just like a tree

However, if the comparison made in the line of a poem is indirectly understood or suggested (implied) without using words (as as, just like and so on, then the Figure of Speech is called a Metaphor.

For example :

 Riya is the star of our class. 

 Life is a game. Play it well.

Q. Now say which of the following are the examples of Simile and which contain Metaphor.

1) Twinkle Twinkle Little Star, like a Diamond in the sky.

(2) The story sea, as dark as cool.

(3) Old mighty tree, Your branches span the sky.

(4) Time is money.

(5) Like a caged bird sadly sings.

(6) More than clouds, you are soft.

(7) The Rose is the king of flowers.

(8) When opposite Ideas occur in the same line of the poem, the Figure of Speech that occurs in that line is called Antithesis.

For example :

• Up and down the hill, they flew.

• Many are called, but few are chosen.

• The best of times the worst of times,

 (Textbook pages 85)

Warming up!

(Useful for Question on Dialogue)

(1) Do you have an old friend? 

Ans. Yes, I do have an old friend. 

(2) What is needed for friendship to grow ? 

Ans. For friendship to grow we need unselfish love, loyalty, sensitivity and understanding, etc. between the two friends.

(3) How do you feel if you don't have any friend?

Ans. We feel lonely, bored and uneasy without a friend.

(4) Why do we spend a lot of time in the company of friends? 

Ans. We spend a lot of time in the company of friends because it makes us happy. We can talk our mind to them and share our grief 

(तीव्र दुःख किंवा शोक) or joy with them. We get relief in their company.

(5) Why do we share secrets, happiness and sorrows with them? 

Ans. We share our secrets, happiness and sorrows with our friends because we love them. We have full faith in them. We can open our minds to them and get relief (आराम) in our life. We can trust and rely (भरवसा ठेवणे) on them.

(1) Write 5 points each about Dos and Don't in True Friendship":

Dos

Help in times of trouble.

Share your sorrows and joys.

Co-operate with them.

Have faith and confidence.

Open your minds.

Express intimate love.

Don'ts

Allow you to copy answers during exams.

Quarrel or fight with them.

Believe in false friends..

Betray (विश्वासघात करणे) your friends.

Misunderstand your friends.

Rely on bad friends.

Poetic Device

(A) Simile and Metaphor

(A1) Simile (उपमा) : कवितेच्या ओळीत आपल्याला दोन भिन्न गोष्टींमध्ये like किंवा as .... as शब्द वापरून समान गुणधर्माची तुलना केलेली आढळते, तेव्हा तो Figure of Speech (भाषिक अलंकार) Simile (उपमा अलंकार)  असतो. 

Examples:

(1) He is brave like a lion.

(2) as bright as a star.

(3) tall like a palm tree.

(A2) Metaphor (रूपक अलंकार) :    या अलंकारात उपमा अलंकाराप्रमाणे समान गुणधर्मांची तुलना नसते, तर त्या गोष्टी एकच आहेत, समानच आहेत असे व्यक्त केलेले असते. या अलंकारात like किंवा as...... as हे शब्द न वापरता तुलना अप्रत्यक्षरीत्या सुचवलेली/ध्वनित केलेली असते. उदा., He is lion in the war.

Examples:

(1) Riya is the star of our class.

(2) Life is a game.

(B) Say which of the following are the examples of simile and which contain Metaphor : 

(1) Twinkle Twinkle Little Star, like a Diamond in the sky

(2) The stormy sea, as dark as coal

(3) Old mighty tree, Your branches  span the sky. 

(4) Time is money.

(5) Like a caged bird sadly sings. 

(6) More than clouds, you are soft. 

(7) The Rose is the king of flowers.

Ans :- (1)  Simile: Star like a diamond

(2) Simile: sea as dark as coal.

(3)Metaphor: tree branches span the sky

(4)Metaphor: Time itself is money.

(5)Simile: Like a caged bird

(6)Simile: soft more than clouds

(7) Metaphor : Rose is the king.

(C) Antithesis (विरोधाभास अलंकार) :- कवितेच्या एकाच (त्याच ) ओळीत जेव्हा दोन परस्पर विरोधी कल्पना येतात, तेव्हा त्या अलंकारास Antithesis असे म्हणतात. Examples: (1) Up and down the hill, they flew. (2) Many are called, but few are chosen.

(3) The best of times, the worst of times.

Reading for Understanding and Poetic Devices

Q. 1. Read the following extract and do the activities:

A1. Simple Factual Activities:

(1) Complete the sentences using the information in the extract:

(a) The two things that are compared to friendship are ...........

(b) ......................................  holds friends closely together.

Ans:- (a) The two things that are compared to friendship are golden chain and preciou jewel.

(b) Deep and true love holds friends closely together. 

(2)   Say the given statements are the correct or not. 

(1) Time can destroy the beauty of friendship.

(2) Friendship cannot be bought or sold.

(3) Friendship binds the hands together.

(4) Friendship is like a real rare and precious jewel.

And:- (1)incorrect (2) correct (3) incorrect (4) correct

C2. Complex Factual Activities:

(1) Why friendship is compared to (a) golden chain and (b) a precious jewel?

Ans. Friendship is compared to 'golden chain '  because it links our dear friends gether. It is compared to 'precious jewel', because it grows more precious as each year passes by. 

(2) Refer to the extract and write the reasons, why 'Friendship' is the best gift  anyone can give you : 

Ans. Because-

(1) Friendship links dear friends.

(2) It grows more precious as each year passes.

(3) It binds you together with deep and true love. 

(4) It gives us rich and happy memories. 

(5) It can't destroy the beauty of friendship.

(6) It continues to give pleasure of friendship. 

A3. Activity based on Poetic Device:

(1) Write the words that go with the following: 

(1)  ...................... jewel (2) ...................... memories (3)  ......................   chain  (4)  ......................love

Ans:-  (1) precious jewel (2) happy memories (3) golden chain (4) deep and true love.

(2) Write the  figures of speech from the lines that they contain: 

Lines :- (1) Friendship is a golden chain.

(2) And like a rare and precious jewel.

 (3) For as long as memory lives. 

Ans:- (1)Metaphor (2)Simile(3) Alliteration

(3) Write the rhyming pairs from the extract: 

Ans. (1) dear-year (2) true-too (3) lives-gives

Q. 2. Read the following extract and do the activities:

A1. Simple Factual Activity:

Tick the correct (✔) before the correct statements.

(1) An understanding friend has more value than gold.

(2) Friendship can be bought or sold.

(3) Friendship is a strong, blessed chain.

(4) As the years pass the similar hearts are separated..

Ans:- (1) (✔) (2) X  (3) (✔) (4)  X

A2. Complex Factual Activities: 

(1) Refer to the extract and write down the reasons, why 'Friendship' is the best gift anyone can give you. 

Ans. Because-

(1) Friendship is a priceless gift.

(2) It helps to have understanding friends. (3) The valuable chain of friendship is a strong and blessed tie.

(4) As the years pass, it binds the similar hearts together. 

(2) Say why friendship is compared to-

(1) a priceless gift (2) a golden chain.

 Ans. Friendship is compared to  a priceless gift , because it cannot be bought or sold.

 (2) Friendship is compared to a golden chain,  because it is a strong, blessed tie that binds similar hearts together.

A3. Activity based on Poetic Device Vocabulary:

(1) Write the rhyming pairs from the extract: 

Ans. (1) sold-gold (2) tie-by 

(2) Write the rhyme scheme in the stanzas:

(1) abcb (2) abcb

(3) Write the words that go with the following:

(1) .......................... gift  (2) .......................... and blessed tie  (3) .......................... friend

Ans. (1) precious gift

(2) strongest and blessed tie

(3) understanding friend

(4) Identify the figures of speech: 

(1) That can't be bought or sold.

(2) For friendship is a priceless gift. 

Ans. (1) Antithesis (2) Metaphor

English Workshop

 Acrostic 

Write the name of your closest true friend vertically and prepare an Acrostic using every letter in the name. 

For example: Ritesh

R - Reliable

I- Inspiring

T - Trustworthy Encouraging

S- Supportive

H- Hard-working

Ans. Shakib

S- Sincere

H- Healthy

A- Active

K- Kind

I- Intelligent

B- Brave

(2) Read the poem and complete the web: 

Friendship is compared to

(Answers are given directly.)

(1) Golden  chain

(2) Precious jewel

(3) Strong blessed tie

(4) Priceless gift

(5) Worth far more than gold

(6) Beauty

(3) Think of your own and say why true friendship can be compared to the following :

Ans. (1) An Evergreen Forest: 

Evergreen trees in the forest are our real friends. They are never failing friends. The foest purifies our environment and save from pollution. They provide us many seful things like fruits, wood, medicines, It gives us great joy by tending wild animals and birds. Man has unmatched and inseparable friendship with the evergreen forest.

(2) An Ever-flowing River:

 It is a never- ending friendship between man and the ever-flowing river. It is kind to all mankind. It suffers a lot to help people selflessly. It gives motherly love to people and they look upon it as a mother. It flows and blows away the dirt helping them to clean everything.

(3) A Rainbow after heavy rain: 

The riendship between the rainbow and man is indescribable. After the heavy rain the sight  of rainbow gives great joy and pleasure to people. The colours of the rainbow refresh their minds. Man is always eager to watch the rainbow like a cheerful friend. The rainbow displays the magic of nature and pleases all.

Appreciation of Poem.

Q. Write the appreciation( रसग्रहण) of the poem with the help of the points given below: 

(1) The title of the poem is 'Golden Chain'. 

(2) The poem is written by 'Helen Steiner Rice'.

(3) The poem has five stanzas. Each stanza has four lines. 

(4) The lines that rhyme in each stanza, are 2 and 4.

(5) The poetess has compared friendship with three things. They are - Golden chain, precious jewel and priceless gift.

(6) The line of the poem you liked the most are- 

And the golden chain of friendship Is a strong and blessed tie.

Binding kindred (similar) hearts together

As the years go passing by.

(7) The theme of the poem is  - The importance of true friendship in one's life.

Writing Skill

Q. Think and develop a story that leads to the conclusion- 'A friend in need, is a friend indeed' : 

Ans. A Friend in need, is a Friend Indeed

Sudha and Manda were the best friends. Both were in standard ten. Both of them were good in studies and both were competitors for the first rank. Then a painful tragedy struck. Manda met with an accident. Unfortunately she lost her eyesight. Shocked at what had happened Manda lost all hopes and interest in study and everything.

  Sudha couldn't bear her mental condition. She calmed her down and encouraged her and gave her confidence. She started helping her in her studies. She read aloud the lessons to her and every evening they studied together. Being very intelligent Manda memorized everything Sudha taught her. She gave her exam with the help of a writer. Both the friends passed SSC with distinction much to everyone's admiration. All praised their exemplary friendship. Sudha proved that a friend in need is a friend Indeed!